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鑑藏宝玺:乾隆御览之宝题跋资料:
题跋类别:作者款识;作者:郎世宁;题跋位置:本幅;款识:臣郎世宁恭绘。;书体:楷书;全文: 印记:臣郎世宁主题:
主要主题:走兽马(共四骏)一横立。青色。一竦立。赤黑色。一回望蹻一足。黄白色。一正立。白色。技法:
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收藏着录: 石渠宝笈续编(宁寿宫),第六册,页3052-3053 收藏着录: 故宫书画录(卷四),第二册,页286-288 收藏着录: 故宫书画图录,第二十一册,页183-186 参考书目: 1.林莉娜,〈郎世宁画爱乌罕四骏〉,收入冯明珠主编,《乾隆皇帝的文化事业》(台北:国立故宫博物院,2002年初版一刷),页131。2.林柏亭、张华芝,〈清郎世宁画爱乌罕四骏〉,收入林柏亭、张华芝编,《画马名品特展图录》(台北:国立故宫博物院,1990年元月初版),页103-104。3.林莉娜,〈乾隆皇帝的文化大业 清郎世宁画爱乌罕四骏〉,《故宫文物月刊》,第236期(2002年11月),页22-23。 内容简介(中文): 郎世宁(西元一六八八-一七六六年),意大利人。十九岁,入天主教耶稣会为修士。曾习油画,兼习建筑。二十七岁来华,以绘事供奉内廷,历仕康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝。善画人物、花鸟、尤善犬马。 乾隆二十七(一七六二)年冬,爱乌罕之汗爱哈莫特沙颙遗使和卓密尔和赍表贡马,马皆高七尺,长八尺有奇。高宗赐名曰:超耳骢、徕远骝、月出骨騋、凌崑白,并命画院郎世宁作图。 内容简介(中文): 朗世宁(西元一六八八-一七六六年),义大利人,耶稣会教士,以绘画供奉内廷。历仕康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝。画法参酌中西。乾隆二十七年(西元一七六二年)年冬,爱乌罕(今阿富汗)的首领爱哈莫特沙颙遣使和卓密尔汉齑表贡马。乾隆赐名曰:超耳骢、徕远骝、月出骨騋、凌崑白。并命朗世宁作画。画中,每一匹马不但角度各异,且以满、蒙、汉、回四种文字书写其名及其尺寸,具有纪实的意味。 内容简介(英文): Lang Shih-ning was an Italian who at the age of 19 became a novitiate of the Jesuit Catholic order. At 27, he arrived in China as a missionary. With an art background, he also painted for the court under the K’ang-hsi, Yung-cheng, and Ch’ien-lung emperors. His style fuses Chinese and Western techniques In the winter of 1762, an Afghan leader dispatched an emissary to the Ch’ing court to offer horses as tribute. The Ch’ien-lung Emperor named the four steeds as Exceeding Piebald, Far-flung Bay, Moon-bone Steed, and Ice White. He also ordered Castiglione to paint them. Each horse is shown from a different angle and an inscription in Manchu, Mongol, Chinese, and Uighur is included for their names and dimensions in documentary fashion. 内容简介(英文): Lang Shih-ning was a native of Italy. At the age of 19 he entered the Jesuit order as a novitiate, also studying oil painting and architecture. In 1715, when he was 27 years old, he was sent to China. Lang Shih-ning served as a court painter during the eras of K’ang-hsi, Yung-cheng, and Ch’ien-lung. He excelled in figure and bird-and-flower paintings, and especially those of dogs and horses. In the winter of 1762, Afghanistan sent four horses to the Ch’ing court as tribute. All the horses were over seven feet high and eight feet long. The Ch’ien-lung emperor called the horses Ch’ao-erh-tsung, Lai-yüan-liu, Yüeh-k’u-lai and Ling-k’un-pai. He commanded Lang Shih-ning to paint their pictures. The horses are saddleless ; their bodies spattered with mud, suggesting that Lang Shih-ning depicted them as they first came to the capital. 研究性论着: 爱乌罕(即阿富汗) 位于巴达克山西南的回教国家,为中国回疆最西之属国, 乾隆二十七年(1762)爱哈墨特沙君王遣使和卓密拉哈赍进表献阿拉伯马。 为此在二十八年正月,于畅春园西厂举行阅兵大典,后作「爱乌罕四骏马歌」,并命郎世宁于十月初一日画手卷壹卷。清谢遂「职贡图」第一卷对爱乌罕男女服饰亦有描述。 画上以回、汉、满、蒙文字标明马匹的名称、身高与体长; 分别为「超洱骢」(灰色有圆斑纹)、「徕远骝」(赤黑色)、「月出骨騋」(黄白色, 蹄带红色)、「凌崑白」(白色, 蹄有红色)。 四骏皆丰满俊美, 形态各殊, 郎氏以其高超的写生技巧, 细腻地描绘出骏马各个角度的形象。 《活计档》有此记录:「乾隆二十八年(1763)九月二十六日交画『爱乌罕四骏』手卷一卷, 传旨着交如意馆配袱别样子, 发往苏州织造厂, 依从前做法照样做来。」 《清高宗御制诗三集》亦载有乾隆皇帝对此卷的评语:「泰西绘具别传法, (自注:前歌曾命郎世宁为图) 没骨曾命写褭蹏。着色精细入毫末, 宛然四骏腾沙隄。 似则似矣逊古格…」 乾隆命郎世宁以西洋画法作此图, 见画卷上有马无人, 评其形极相似, 却与李公麟白描笔意不类, 乃命宫廷画家金廷标(?-1767)仿李公麟「五马图」笔法, 补画牵马人。 (林莉娜)