书体:

楷书

色彩:

装裱形式:

轴

创作时间:

明宣宗宣德元年（1426）

文字类型:

汉文

质地:

本幅纸

释文:

不自弃说。夫天下之物皆物也。而物有一节之可取。且不为世之所弃。可以人而不如物乎。故贱如石而有攻玉之用。毒如蝮而有和药之需。粪其秽矣。施之发田则五谷赖之以秀实。灰既冷矣。俾之洗浣。则衣裳赖之以精洁。食鵞之肉。毛所弃也。洞民缝之以御腊。食龟之肉。甲所弃也。南人用之以占年。类而举之。推而徧之。则天下无弃物矣。今人而见弃焉。特其自弃尔。五行以性其性。五事以形其形。五典以教其教。五经以学其学。有圣经贤传以律其文章。有学校课试以梯其富贵。达则以是道为卿为相。穷则以是道为师为友。今人见弃而怨天尤人岂理也哉。故怨天者不勤。尤人者无志。反求诸己。而自尤自悔自怆自罪。卓然立其志。锐然策其力。视天下之物。有一节之可取。且不为世之所弃尔。岂以人而不如物乎。今名卿士大夫之子孙。华其身。甘其食。腴其言。傲其气。遨游宴逸。不知身之所以辉润者。乃祖乃父之勤劳克苦也。饮芳泉而不记其源。饭香黍而不知其田。一旦时异势殊失其故态。士焉而学之不及农焉。而劳之不堪工焉。而巧之不素商焉。而资之不富当是时也。窘之以寒暑。艰之以衣食。妻垢其面。子爨其形。虽残杯冷炙。乞之而不惭。弊衣破屦。服之而不耻。黯死而莫之振者。皆昔日之所为有以致之而然也。李勣曰。吾见房杜平生勤苦。仅能立门户。遭不肖子弟荡复殆尽。斯可鑑矣。又见河阳马氏。倚其富贵骄奢淫泆。子孙惟知宴乐而已。人间事业。百不识一。当时号为酒囊饭袋。及世变运移。饿死沟壑。不可数计。此其大戒也。为人孙者。当思祖德之勤劳。为人子者。当念父功之克苦。竞竞业业。以立其志。孜孜汲汲。以成其事。人皆趋彼。我独乐此。人皆迁徙。我独不移。士其业者必至于登名。农其业者。必至于积粟。工其业者。必至于作巧。商其业者。必至于盈赀。若是。则于身不弃。于人不媿。祖父不失其贻谋。子孙不沦于困辱。永保其终者。不亦宜乎。宣德丙午（西元一四二六年）三月既望。云间沈度书。

印记资料:

作者印记：沈民则
作者印记：侍讲学士之章
作者印记：自乐轩
鑑藏宝玺：乾隆御览之宝
鑑藏宝玺：御书房鑑藏宝
鑑藏宝玺：石渠宝笈
鑑藏宝玺：嘉庆御览之宝
鑑藏宝玺：宣统御览之宝

题跋资料:

主题:

技法:

参考资料:

收藏着录： 石渠宝笈初编（御书房），下册，页1095 收藏着录： 故宫书画录（卷二），第一册，页6 参考书目： 1.朱惠良，〈明沈度书不自弃说〉，收入《云间书派特展图录》（台北：国立故宫博物院，1994年初版），页119-120。2.朱惠良，〈云间书派特展简介 — 沈度书不自弃说〉，《故宫文物月刊》，第139期（1994年10月），页80。 内容简介（中文）： 沈度（西元一三五七－一四三四年）字民则，华亭（今上海）人，成祖时以能书选入翰林院。他的书法技巧高明，形体优美，深受成祖青睐。此幅为沈度七十岁所书，内容是一篇议论文，劝戒世人要勤劳刻苦，饮水思源，不可自暴自弃。以精秀工整的楷书书写，严谨不苟，不过起笔带转锋，捺笔拉长，流露出委婉曼妙之姿，冲淡了严肃的气氛。(20091015) 内容简介（中文）： 沈度（西元一三五七—一四三四年）字民则，华亭（今上海）人，成祖时以能书选入翰林院。他的书法技巧高明，形体优美，很受成祖欣赏。这幅字是七十岁所书，内容是一篇议论文，劝戒世人，要勤劳克苦，饮水思源，不可自暴自弃。沈度以精秀工整的楷书书写，令人有严谨不茍的感觉，不过起笔带转锋，捺笔拉长，流露出委婉曼妙的姿态，冲淡了过于严肃的气氛。 内容简介（英文）： Shen Tu, a native of what is now Shanghai, entered the Han-lin Academy in the Yung-lo era (1403-1424) based on his talent in calligraphy. His elegant style was admired by the Yung-lo Emperor. This work, done in 1426 at the age of 69, is an essay on self-perseverance, advising others on the virtues of diligence for oneself as well as for past and future generations. Shen Tu’s use of refined standard script along with vertical marking lines give the feeling here of precision along with some unrestraint. For example, the exposure of the brush tip when being lifted from the paper created elongated flicks. This gives the characters a sense of airiness that lightens and enlivens the more solemn nature of the contents. 内容简介（英文）： Shen Du (style name Minze), a native of Huating (modern Shanghai), entered the Hanlin Academy in the Yongle era (1403-1424) based on his talent in calligraphy. The elegant technique and beautiful form of his style was greatly admired by the Yongle Emperor. This work, done in 1426 at the Chinese age of 70, is an essay on self-perseverance, promoting the virtues of diligence, remembering the past, and encouragement not to give up. Shen Du’s use of refined standard script along with marking lines give the feeling here of precision and regulation. However, the exposure of the brush tip as it was lifted from the paper created elongated flicks, giving the characters a grace and airiness that lightens and enlivens the more solemn nature of this work.(20091015)