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题跋类别:题跋;作者:李居敬;题跋位置:本幅;款识:无;书体:楷书;全文:四孝图序。孝者。士君子修身齐家之第一义也。引而申之。虽治国平天下道上。不此乎外矣。语曰。孝弟也者。其为仁之本欤。孔子曰。唯孝弟(点去)友于兄弟。施于有政。是上为政矣。天下之事。岂有以加于此哉。燕山陈公国瑞。尝得古孝子图。于工画者。自大舜而下。凡二十有四人。特珍之。又各详录本传。附于其左。奇意已为人。苟知孝则子焉。而之顺其亲弟焉。而知敬其长上。以爱使下。下以敬事上。欢然有恩以相爱。灿然有文以相接。孝弟行于家。推之仁。民则爱。而公由仁。民而达之。于物则无不各得其所。特在随其地而充广之耳。孝之于人。渊乎博哉。且公之珍是图也。其有望于将来之意。谓何如邪。平居则视亲于无形之时。听亲于不闻之表。由中之诚。出于天性。但知有亲为所当为。其于孝不孝。何暇计哉。如舜以不顺乎亲。而怨慕之心愈笃。竟至于底豫。闵子见责。而忠养之勤益坚。率感后母为慈爱。蔡顺以分椹而感贼父。举以杀子而得金。盖处危难之中。惟知捐躯以奉亲。其孝与否。虽不暇计。亦不必论也。后世有志于是者。当心古人之心得。其心则二十四子之事。吾皆可为。若规规焉。求古人于事为之。末则虽有割股怀橘分椹泣笋等事。亦不免近名之诮。然后知古人入孝出忠之心。或在此而不在彼也。然则公之藏是图。非以为美观玩适。而设其所以为修身之资。训子之方者。意图有在矣。异时其子与孙。因图以求其八。由人以考其事。因事以察其心。则公珍藏斯图之意。庶不孤矣。不然徒以资披玩而已耳。于我何有焉。天历庚午(西元一三三0年)三月既望。鱼棠李居敬序。主题:
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收藏着录: 石渠宝笈初编(养心殿),上册,页627 收藏着录: 故宫书画图录,第十八册,页47-50 收藏着录: 故宫书画录(卷八),第四册,页39 参考书目: 1.马孟晶,〈元人四孝图〉,收入刘芳如、张华芝主编,《群芳谱 — 女性的形象与才艺》(台北:国立故宫博物院,2003年初版一刷),页106-107。 内容简介(中文): 「四孝图」描绘故事四则,以图文相间的方式表达。第一则述王武子之妻割股作羹汤,治癒婆母寒疾;第二则述三国陆绩因其母好食橘,乃于进谒袁术席间,怀橘以奉母;第三则述晋王祥为母病中思食鲤鱼于冬月,而至江上卧冰求鲤;第四则述后汉曹娥之父溺毙江中,不得尸灵,至娥投江,三日后方抱父尸出。是皆孝心感人之事蹟,卷末并附李居敬四孝图序,论孝之精义。通幅人物,以匀称之线条为主,细挺而有力。 内容简介(英文): This painting illustrates four stories of filial piety employing narrative and pictorial elements. The first story depicts the wife of Wang Wu-tzu cutting off part of the flesh from her thigh for a medicinal broth to cure her mother-in-law's cold. The second story illustrates Lu Chi of the Three Kingdoms (220-280) taking oranges while at a banquet held by Yüan Shu and presenting them to his mother because his mother loved to eat oranges. The third story depicts Wang Hsiang of the Western Chin dynasty (265-316) lying on the ice in winter so that he could fish for carp because his mother wanted to eat carp when she was il1. The fourth story illustrates Ts’ao 0 of the Later Han dynasty (25-220) throwing herself into the river because her father drowned there and his corpse was not found. After three days, both corpses emerged, Ts'ao 0 holding her father. These are all stories about filial piety. At the end of the scrol1, there is a postscript written by Li Chu-ching discussing the essential significance of filial piety. The figures in this scroll have been depicted mainly through lines which are fine and strong.